# Modified Staged Self-Directed Learning #

Stages for Teachers

- Stage 0: Teaching as Presenting
   - Informational lecture
   - Drill
   - Focus on presentation.
   - Appeal to the senses.
   - Aloof
   - Student: Passive, Absorbing
- Stage 1: Teaching as Coaching
   - Immediate feedback
   - Example
   - Overcoming deficiencies
   - Overcoming resistance
   - Value of the learning
   - Practical / life benefits
   - Student: Trying, Practicing
- Stage 2: Teaching as Motivating
   - Inspiring lecture/presentation
   - Appeal to the emotions.
   - Guided discussion
   - Goal setting
   - Learning strategies
   - Student: Excited, Interested
- Stage 3: Teaching as Collaborating
   - Teacher participates as equal.
   - Discussion facilitated by teacher
   - Seminar
   - Group projects.
   - Student: Involved, Partnering
- Stage 3.5 Teaching as Fostering Community
- Stage 4: Teaching as Consulting
   - Intership
   - Dissertation
   - Individual work
   - Self-directed study gorups.
   - Student: Self-directed, Leading

Stages for Students

- Stage 0: Absorbing
   - Learning What
- Stage 1: Dependent
   - Learning How
- Stage 2: Interested
   - Learning Why
- Stage 3: Partnering
   - Learning in partnership with teacher
- Stage 3.5: Involved
   - Learning Socially
- Stage 4: Self-directed
   - Learning Reflectively, we hope

Notes

- I have split Dr. Grow's Stage 1 into two stages, 0 and 1. The Authority (Sage on the Stage) becoming Stage 0.
- Dr. Grow emphasizes Coaching as a major component of Stage 1.
- I have inserted a Stage 3.5 between 3 and 4. There is an artificialness to separating Collaboration from Community, such that I have also organized things with Fostering Community as 2.5 instead of 3.5. In the end, I do not think that the numbering matters.
- My daughter was in a class once where the teacher described himself as a "Facilitator." She confronted him, saying he was not even "Facilitating." Reluctantly giving the teacher the benefit of the doubt, it may have been a case of a Stage 3 student and a Stage 4 teacher.
- If we want to be in the role of consultant, the Guide on the Side, then we need Self-directed students. Up to now, we have not had that.
- Grow, Gerald O. (1991/1996). "Teaching Learners to be Self-Directed." Adult Education Quarterly, 41 (3), 125-149. Expanded version available online at: < http://www.longleaf.net/ggrow >.